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Mark Hamilton: Could the Pebble Mine project have been done better? Here’s how

By MARK HAMILTON

There is no question the Pebble Project mine could have had a better beginning, and maybe a different outcome. I can’t tell you I would have done it differently, but with 20-20 hindsight, there was a better way.

There were some efforts to involve the Bristol Bay Native Corporation, but not enough efforts. The fact that the mine site was on state land was not a reason to fail to educate all the people in Bristol Bay.  

Mining was certainly not out of the question for Native corporations; BBNC had explored mining opportunities before. This campaign would have been very difficult, as forays toward this educational goal were met with demonstrations organized and funded by opponents. It was an early rendition of what is now too common—the denial of opportunity to present a position.

So, it would have been very, very difficult but failure in this step ultimately doomed the project.

From the beginning everyone knew that the salmon were the biggest concern and therefore the biggest issue to resolve. The developer spent too much emphasis on the value of the minerals. This is understandable, given the world class nature of the find. But it was the wrong approach. 

The involvement had to be more than giving BBNC a share (that was offered in several ways throughout the project). They needed a share and they needed to be involved. The developer had the data. They had conducted an impeccable baseline environmental survey. They were aware of the regulations they had to meet. But their knowledge of and commitment to doing the least harm possible to the environment was missing from their early presentations.  

Unfortunately, the “it’s big, it’s huge, it’s a 100-year mine” approach turned many very powerful Alaskans against the project from the beginning. 

I have talked to many Alaskans who felt they were treated like rubes, their questions dismissed or answered bluntly.  The sad part is that the developer knew the answers; they simply dismissed the questions.  I worked for the developers for three years. They are not heartless; they are not careless. In trying to square that circle, I can come up with only one conceivable reason — not an excuse, but a reason to explain this failure to truly listen. 

First, was their involvement with Anglo American. Anglo is sort of the Exxon of gold companies in the sense that they leave no I undotted or t uncrossed. It was never so much illustrated as with the baseline environmental study.  Typically, a developer would hire several environmental consultant firms to assist in the study. 

Anglo demanded “the best salmon person,” “the best waterfowl person,” and so forth, requiring the hiring of 60 consultant firms to supply more than 100 of the top people in their field.  Armed with this sort of second- and third- level assessment, the developers may have dismissed honest questions with an “of course we’ve looked at that” answer.

Regardless, the initial contacts with people who ought to have been courted were remembered as arrogant.

A companion miscalculation was underestimating the impact of absurd claims and fears. Many were ridiculous, but the proper treatment of them was not to ridicule, but to treat the claim and fear as a reality that needed addressing.  This was done well during the three-year NEPA process (where every claim must be addressed to the satisfaction of the cooperating agencies) not as well in the several years leading up to that 3-year event. 

As a result, by the time the scientific evaluation had determined that the project would not harm the salmon, that the process was not toxic, that earthquakes would not affect the structure, that there was minimal storage of water, and so forth, no one read it, because their minds had been made up with a decade of propaganda.

This is worth noting, since every development project will encounter a similar challenge. A project must convince the scientists and the cooperating agencies, but failure to address the fears of the badly informed will leave your efforts fruitless.

There will be more development projects in Alaska. Each will have its own detractors. Look for the efforts and phrases that remind you of the opponents of Pebble Mine; they worked once, and they will try hard to “pebble” you again.

The “Pebbled” series at Must Read Alaska is authored by Mark Hamilton. After 31 years of service to this nation, Hamilton retired as a Major General with the U. S. Army in July of 1998. He served for 12 years as President of University of Alaska, and is now President Emeritus. He worked for the Pebble Partnership for three years before retiring. This is the last in the Pebbled series, although Must Read Alaska will endeavor to get Hamilton to write in the future.

Pebbled 1: Virtue signaling won out over science in project of the century

Pebbled 2: Environmental industry has fear-mongering down to an art

Pebbled 3: The secret history of ANWR and the hand that shaped it

Pebbled 4: When government dictates an advance prohibition

Pebbled 5: EPA ‘just didn’t have time’ to actually go to Bristol Bay

Pebbled 6: The narrative of fear

Pebbled 7: The environmentalists who cried wolf

Pebbled 8: Build your media filter based on science, not narrative

Pebbled 9: The history of hysteria

Part 10: Here we go again, with EPA power grab

Pebbled 11: Mining 101

Pebbled 12: Climate change, predictions that never came true

Pebbled 13: You can go fishing in a modern tailings pond

Pebbled 14: Don’t let Alaska get ‘Pebbled’ again

Shocking: Muni Clerk Barb Jones says former Lt. Gov. Leman, an Alaska Native, would be a ‘huge disadvantage’ to election commission if he were to be elected chair

At the first meeting of the year of the Anchorage Election Commission, the first order of business on the agenda was to elect a new chair. Two new members had joined the commission and the previous chairwoman’s term had expired.

Commission member Glennis Ireland was nominated, and so was former Lt. Gov. Loren Leman, who was recently appointed to the commission by Mayor Dave Bronson. Even Ireland agreed that Leman should be chair.

But Municipal Clerk Barbara Jones, could not contain herself. Although she is merely staff to the commission, which oversees her work in the Election Office and is tasked with ensuring the public’s confidence in free and fair elections, Jones interrupted the commission meeting and said that Leman does not have the experience to chair the commission.

Leman, an Alaska Native and graduate of Stanford University with a master’s degree in civil engineering and a professional certification known as a P.E., was lieutenant governor of Alaska between 2002 and 2006. The lieutenant governor has oversight for the Division of Elections, which runs state elections, and also local elections for unorganized regions of the state called REAAs, and it manages services such as voter registration. The division keeps voting statistics, maintains candidate registration and eligibility lists, and trains hundreds of workers across the state on the rules for in-person, absentee, and special needs voting. The division develops information in many languages, provides audits of elections, and creates transparency.

Leman was the first person of Alaska Native ancestry to be elected to statewide office in Alaska, and he also was elected to represent Anchorage in both the House and the Senate, where he served as majority leader. He has taught the U.S. Constitution to youth through the Boys and Girls Club. For over 40 years he has worked in the private sector on transporation and engineering projects of great complexity across the entire state.

But Jones didn’t want him to chair the commission and she made it known on the record.

“I’m gonna, as a staffer, Mr. Leman has never served on the election commission and has not worked in an Anchorage election. He has worked for the State of Alaska. I think it will be a huge disadvantage to the election workers and election officials. We have a new commissioner who does not know what the commission is doing,” she said.

Former Lt. Gov. Mead Treadwell, also new on the Election Commission, had just nominated Leman to be the chair of the commission, and he registered his objection to what Jones had just said.

“That statement where you said you believe Loren is disqualified. You’re the City Clerk and you work for all of us and I hope you don’t believe that Loren is disqualified. I’ve worked with him and have known him for almost 40 years. And I’ve worked with him at the local, state, and national level on different issues.”

Treadwell pointed out that Mayor Bronson is attempting to change the Clerk’s position to one that would be voted on by the people, rather than appointed by the Assembly. And that she had now disqualified a nominee to chair the commission.

“That doesn’t feel right to me,” Treadwell said in the meeting.

Leman also commented: “Barbara, I didn’t come to cross swords with you but frankly I am appalled at you stepping in … and I consider you and others here to be staff to the commission. I have served on other commissions for the Municipality of Anchorage and I have never seen somebody step in and try to dominate a commission. The commissioners are responsible for commission business and I respect your years of service, and your experience, but for you to do what you did, I consider it to be out of order. Quite frankly, I’m offended by it.”

The audio on this incident is at this link.

In the end, the vote was taken, and the members who had been appointed by prior liberal mayoral administrations chose Ireland to chair the commission, with Treadwell and Leman voting in the minority.

Missing from the meeting was Bee Hanson, who had been nominated by Mayor Bronson but rejected by the Anchorage Assembly majority because she had challenged Clerk Jones over an incident that occurred in the most recent election of May, 2021. Jones had lied to Hanson on election night, telling her that all observers were to leave the building as all the staff work was done for the night. Hanson later returned to the building to discover that the workers had stayed long after the observers had gone home under Jones’ instruction.

Bee Hanson’s account to the Anchorage Assembly at this link.

The Anchorage Election Office, run by Jones, has come under scrutiny since the Anchorage Assembly voted to create all mail-in elections, which operate in very different ways than traditional in-person and absentee voted elections.

Numerous people are finding their votes disqualified in this new system because their signatures do not match the ones that Jones has on file, which are primarily provided by drivers license signatures from state records. When the Anchorage Election Office managed the October election for Juneau, which was an all-mail-in election, one out of every 12.5 votes was thrown out for various reasons.

Department of Obvious: CDC changes mask guidelines — cloth not enough for Covid

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on Friday updated the mask and respirator guidelines that will better prevent the transmission of Covid-19. While any mask is better than no mask, the CDC now says cloth masks are not really good enough.

It’s something that many in the public have pointed since early in the pandemic mask-wearing phase that began in 2020, but the CDC has played along with pushing inferior masks until now. Early on, the agency didn’t want members of the public to hoard the better quality masks that are needed by health professionals.

On Friday, the health agency said that fitted N95 masks, sometimes called respirators, are now preferred. If used correctly, they can filter out 95 percent of airborne particulate matter.

The public does not typically wear any masks correctly, however. The respirator masks, just like cloth or surgical masks, need to be changed frequently — several times a day, and need to be removed and disposed of with extreme caution if they are to be effective. If they do block the virus, that means the virus will be on the mask. That difficulty in use for average citizens was not mentioned in the CDC advisory, which gave no guidance on the touching and disposal of masks.

The CDC summarized its new guidelines:

  • Masking is a critical public health tool for preventing spread of COVID-19, and any mask is better than no mask.
  • To protect yourself and others from Covid-19, CDC continues to recommend that you wear the most protective mask you can that fits well and that you will wear consistently.
  • Masks and respirators are effective at reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes Covid-19, when worn consistently and correctly.
  • Some masks and respirators offer higher levels of protection than others, and some may be harder to tolerate or wear consistently than others. It is most important to wear a well-fitted mask or respirator correctly that is comfortable for you and that provides good protection.
  • While all masks and respirators provide some level of protection, properly fitted respirators provide the highest level of protection. Wearing a highly protective mask or respirator may be most important for certain higher risk situations, or by some people at increased risk for severe disease.
  • CDC has a list of mask recommendations.

Surgical or “procedural” masks, commonly used in commercial settings, come from boxes with labels that say they will not protect against viruses.

In 2020, the CDC said that cloth masks help prevent the spread of Covid-19 from those without symptoms. The agency said that cloth masks block respiratory droplets that leave a person’s mouth while coughing, sneezing or talking.

Timber! Mental Health Trust land exchange complete

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After 15 years of planning, the State’s land exchange between the federal government and the Alaska Mental Health Trust Authority was signed on Thursday by Gov. Mike Dunleavy. The land exchange will directly benefit the state’s economy and it will secure employment while supporting Alaska’s mental health treatment programs, the governor said, especially for Southeast timber mills.

Also, “Alaskans who are beneficiaries of AMHTA services and programs will be further served thanks to the enhanced revenues the trust will earn. This is a victory for so many Alaskans and I want to thank everyone who worked to make this happen,” he said.

The land exchange process began in 2011 which was conducted in two phases. The first phase was completed in 2019, which protects old-growth stands, viewshed and trail lands near Ketchikan for timberlands. Federal legislation authorized the land exchange, which was enacted into law in the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2017. The second and final phase was completed through the Dunleavy Administration in conjunction with the congressional delegation and the Trust Land Office.

The easements allow mutual use to the AMHTA and U.S. Forest Service and therefore provide critical access to the new Trust lands while allowing continued access to the USFS lands by the public. The easements will continue to provide access for the Trust to conduct activities that will provide revenue and provide local economic development. With the contracts that are in place, the Trust expects to harvest a total of approximately 201 million board feet of timber from the newly acquired Trust lands.

Julie Sande is new commissioner of Commerce & Economic Development

Gov. Mike Dunleavy today selected Julie Sande as the new commissioner of the Alaska Department of Commerce, Community and Economic Development.

Sande was most recently executive director of the Pioneer Home in Ketchikan. She currently holds seats on the boards of the Alaska Industrial Development and Export Authority and the Alaska Energy Authority. Sande replaces Commissioner Julie Anderson, who announced her retirement earlier this month.

“Julie Sande operated the Pioneer Home in Ketchikan with distinction and has an impeccable record of public service,” said Dunleavy. “I am fully confident her proven leadership abilities and knowledge of Alaska’s business sector will translate into a successful tenure at the commerce department.”

“I have always  been so proud to have been raised in Alaska, especially remote and rural Alaska,” said incoming Commissioner Julie Sande. “Having spent the majority of my career serving Pioneers and elders of our great state has helped give me an appreciation for our history and an appreciation for how creative and hardworking those folks had to be. Owning small family run businesses during a pandemic gives me a clear understanding of some of the challenges Alaskans are facing. I am very excited to have an opportunity to work with the Governor and the team at DCCED to continue the work they have been doing to serve Alaskans and help build stronger communities.  

Sande earned a bachelor’s degree in Social Work from the University of Montana and a master’s degree in Healthcare Administration from the University of Southern California. She is also a lifelong Alaskan who was primarily raised in remote logging camps of Southeast Alaska where she still enjoys spending time.

School industry will again ask for more money for ever-failing schools, and will not hold itself accountable for poor outcomes

By DAVID BOYLE

Alaskans know that our public schools are failing our students in the basics of reading, writing, and mathematics. According to the National Assessment of Educational Progress, Alaska is dead last in 4th grade reading, the metric used to determine future student success.

Nor do students do well on the Alaska PEAKS exam, a standardized student assessment. Just 39.5% of students at all grade levels score proficient and above in reading/writing. Fourth grade students across the state score even lower at only a 37% proficiency level in reading/writing. Of course, some districts do better than others, and it’s not because of money.

Many in the education industry, however, claim money is the answer to improving student achievement. History shows that to be false. 

Expect to hear, “The Base Student Allocation has been flat-funded for years.”  Those who demand more funding for K-12 want you to believe that a district only gets $5,930 per student.

The truth is the Base Student Allocation is but one piece of the funding school districts receive. 

Once that BSA goes through the Foundation Formula multiplier, it can result in as much as $50,000 per student in some districts, such as the Pelican School District in Southeast Alaska, which had just 10 students in 2021.

The Anchorage School District would receive $7,792 per student from the State, not the $5,930. Anchorage taxpayers kicked in an additional $300,555,746 for fiscal year 2021, an increase of $45 million over the past 10 years. Taxpayers will be asked to fund a more than $111 million bond in April, borrowing money that must be paid back by taxpayers for school improvements, remodels and school replacements. All for a shrinking student population.

Here are audited per-student costs from four of the five largest Alaska school districts (does not include PERS/TRS retirement costs and capital costs):

District – Per Student              

Anchorage, $19,227                     

MatSu, $17,395                     

Kenai, $18,293                     

Fairbanks, $21,108         

Note: Juneau School District did not provide an ACFR.  

Despite these very high per-student costs, the Alaska Association of School Boards listed its number one legislative priority for the upcoming session: More money. The association said nothing about measurable outcomes that would show success in improving student learning.

This is far different than the Alaska State Board of Education and Early Development, which has as its number one priority: ”Support all students to read at grade level by the end of third grade.”  

Which one is better for your kids: More money or being able to read?

The AASB does support improving literacy skills, especially early childhood literacy. This translates to supporting universal pre-Kindergarten.  

Critics of that approach ask: If we cannot now teach our students how to read by the third grade, then why spend more money on pre-K?  More intensive reading instruction taught by well-trained teachers in the first three grades would make a huge difference.

The AASB receives its funding from member school boards. These school boards get their funding from the State and local taxpayers. It’s a circular funding framework. 

The AASB will have fly-ins to Juneau to persuade legislators to give them more money so they can come back next year to ask for more money. And they even have a “Youth Advocacy Institute,” which trains students to lobby and testify in legislative committees for more funding. Some would call these students “useful tools.”

The fly-ins cost the State Treasury and local taxpayers, who fully fund these lobbying trips.

Education analysts in the conservative camp wonder if the money would be better spent in the classroom, teaching children how to read.

The bottom line is: The Alaska Association of School Boards is using taxpayer money and state dollars to lobby for more money and offers no accountability to citizens for the funds already disbursed.

Things that go bump in the night: Two ferries collide in Ketchikan, damage minimal

Early Friday morning the M/V Kennicott collided with the M/V Hubbard while docking in Ketchikan. Alaska Marine Highway System personnel are conducting a thorough damage assessment, and initial reports describe minimal damage to the Hubbard, while the Kennicott suffered a damaged sponson and window.

The U.S. Coast Guard was notified of the event, which occurred at 4:25 am, and an internal investigation is underway. Neither ship is currently in revenue service, and no crew members were injured during the incident, Alaska Department of Transportation reports.

The Kennicott just entered its annual overhaul period, and the Hubbard is scheduled to begin a capital improvement project to construct crew quarters during 2022. AMHS does not anticipate the damage from today’s incident will impact project timelines or return to service dates for either vessel.

The Kennicott is the workhorse of the Alaska Marine Highway and just delivered its last passengers before its Jan. 14 overhaul. It will be out of service until at least April, leaving the shrinking ferry system with one less asset to move people, cars, fish, and goods around coastal communities.

State awards repairs of two ferries to Ketchikan and Seward shipyards

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The M/V Hubbard and M/V Tustumena will get capital improvements in 2022 with awards going to two Alaska shipyards.

The M/V Hubbard, one of the two “Alaska Class” ferries, will have crew quarters added to enable it to make longer voyages, reach more ports and thereby increase system-wide flexibility and the needed redundancy for reliability. The work was awarded to Vigor at the Ketchikan shipyard on Thursday.

The ship was originally built for the Upper Lynn Canal for day trips not requiring crew quarters, but when former Gov. Bill Walker killed the Juneau Access project, the ship was diverted to other routes, and now the state needs it for overnight runs.

The $15 million project will modify the ferry to construct eight single person staterooms on the bridge deck, and eight two-person staterooms on the upper deck. Additional work includes the installation of a galley, scullery, and mess spaces on the upper deck; a new fan room on the bridge deck; and extension of the existing port stair tower to the bridge deck to serve the new accommodations. Adding overnight quarters for crew greatly increases the cost of running the ferry.

“We need our ships to be flexible and able to provide the redundancy necessary for system-wide reliability.  Our fleet is aging and we need ships that can be Swiss Army knives with the capability to serve as many of our coastal communities as possible,” said DOT Deputy Commissioner Rob Carpenter. “These projects, along with the Tustumena Replacement Vessel, are part of our fleet modernization efforts. By reinvesting in our marine highway, we’re ensuring the economic viability of our coastal communities; connecting them to each other and the rest of Alaska’s transportation network.”

The $9.4 million Tustumena improvements were awarded to JAG at the Seward shipyard on Dec. 28. This work will contribute toward extending the ship’s service life until the replacement vessel can be put into service in approximately five to six years. Upgrades include refurbishing the main vehicle elevator, new exterior hull coatings – steel piping replacements, including black and gray water drains, bilge and ballast systems; ballast piping and valves; LED lighting upgrades and promenade deck upgrades.

The M/V Hubbard was the second Alaska Marine Highway ferry built in Alaska in 2018, along with its sister ship the M/V Tazlina. It is 280 feet long and has a capacity for up to 300 passengers and 53 vehicles.

The M/V Tustumena is one of oldest ships of the AMHS fleet, built in 1964. It is 296 feet long and has the capacity to carry up to 160 passengers, and 34 vehicles. It is one of only two certified ocean class ferries and is the only vessel capable of serving all 13 ports of call between Homer and Unalaska.

Board chair of Permanent Fund Corp answers questions posed by legislative committee concerning firing of CEO

The Jan. 13, 2022 letter written by Alaska Permanent Fund Corporation Board Chairman Craig Richards in response to questions by the Legislative Budget and Audit Committee concerning the firing of CEO Angela Rodell says Rodell’s firing was not political but was a result of job performance reviews that included surveys of employees of the agency: