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Homer council members want to put the chill on recall elections

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Homer City Council Members Tom Stroozas, David Lewis, Mayor Bryan Zak, Heath Smith, Shelly Erickson, Donna Aderhold and Catriona Reynolds. Smith and Aderhold want to make it tougher to recall locally elected officials.

Is it too easy to recall local city council or assembly members?

Two who serve on the Homer, Alaska City Council think so, and they’ve written a resolution asking the Legislature to put stiffer sideboards around recall efforts.

Three members of the Homer City Council faced a contentious recall election in June after they circulated a resolution that many saw as partisan national politics invading the quaint little fishing-and-arts town along Kachemak Bay. The kerfuffle was over whether Homer should become a sanctuary city.

One of the members who faced recall, Donna Aderhold, believes it’s too easy to launch a recall election. She and council member Heath Smith will  introduce a resolution at the Aug. 28 meeting to ask the Alaska Legislature to tighten the standards for recall elections.

The draft resolution states that recall elections concerning municipal and local elected officials have recently been held or contemplated in the City of Homer, the Kenai Peninsula Borough, the City of Haines, City of Cordova, and the Petersburg Borough.

(It was actually the Haines Borough Assembly that had a recall election in August. The three subjects of that election, Tom Morphet, Heather Lende and Tresham Gregg, who were accused of violating the Open Meetings Act, survived the vote.)

In July a group of Petersburg residents turned in a recall petition for assembly members Jeigh Stanton Gregor, Nancy Strand, Kurt Wohlhueter, and Eric Castro. That recall effort was also about Open Meetings Act violations, but borough attorney Sara Heideman disputed the allegation and the recall never made it to the ballot.

“The standards for what constitutes both an action that would justify recall and how a local municipal official should evaluate the recall petition’s sufficiency are not clearly defined in the Alaska Statutes, leading to a wide range of interpretations,” Resolution 17-078 reads.

The standard for “misconduct in office” is vague, Aderhold and Smith say. Further, city clerks are not lawyers, but must make decisions about whether a misconduct is great enough to justify a recall.

The resolution makes reference to a 1984 Alaska Supreme Court statement that recommended the Legislature clarify the intent of the legal provisions governing recall elections, saying, “The need for judicial participation in the recall process could be decreased by more carefully drawn statutes.”

The judicial system came into play in Homer only when the three council members facing recall enlisted the American Civil Liberties Union to help them sue the city and stop the election. They lost that battle in court, but voters ultimately retained them in office.

The resolution asking the Legislature to address the issue is here.

It’s payday at the Dispatch, Alice sailing in Nantucket

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IN HER HAPPY PLACE

Nantucket was the place to be last week for the East Coast sailing set, and Alice Rogoff, owner of the Alaska Dispatch News, was present and accounted for, as she is most years.

The annual regatta week ended Sunday, just in time for Rogoff to appear in Anchorage bankruptcy court on Monday afternoon — telephonically from her Nantucket home.

Rogoff filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy earlier this month, with a pending sale to the Binkley Company.

Rogoff, married to one of the richest men in America, is being sued by creditors and owes millions of dollars to numerous Alaskans and small Alaskan businesses.

But Nantucket at the end of August is a “must” for her. She joined a crew on the yacht American Eagle last week to win second place in the Gifford Bowl, as seen in the social media post of her longtime pal Susan Wayne:

Meanwhile, the Alaska Dispatch News will be able to pay its reporters, press persons, administrative and advertising staff this Friday, thanks to a $300,000 to $1 million series of loans being offered by the Binkley Company, which received permission from a bankruptcy judge on Monday to loan to the Dispatch funds it needs to keep going until the sale of the paper is finalized.

The Binkley Company has also paid two months of past due premiums to Premera Blue Cross, for employees’ health insurance, and the workers compensation and general liability policies that were weeks in arrears.

The newspaper has survived yet another week, although it’s running on fumes.

IN THE SALE: NORTHRIM GETS PAID FIRST

The sale of the Alaska Dispatch News, presumably to the Binkley Company, takes place at a Sept. 11 court hearing. With Ryan Binkley at the helm, Binkley is offering to buy the paper for the $1 million it will have invested.

Any other bidders who come in higher will be paying Rogoff’s creditors. The first $1 million would go to Binkley, and everything else up to approximately $10 million would go to Northrim Bank.

Northrim has the only secured loan to Rogoff. It’s unlikely that any bidders will offer enough for the paper to pay off Northrim entirely, which means the rest of the creditors — and that’s a long list — will almost certainly be stiffed by Rogoff, unless they can legally break down the barrier between her personal assets and her companies.

[Read: List of debts owed by Rogoff]

You can bet lawyers are eager to “pierce the corporate veil.” GCI, which is the landlord for the newspaper’s press operation, appears to know that, and was able to get Rogoff to sign a personal guarantee that she will pay to have the press removed from GCI’s building — an endeavor that is expected to cost well over $1.2 million. That was the price needed for GCI to remove its objection to the Binkley Company loaning the Dispatch the money needed to save the paper.

Rogoff is said to have returned to Anchorage today. Creditors will be keeping a close eye on whether or not she’s removing the artwork from her lakeside home, now that even Judge Gary Spraker has hinted that Chapter 7 bankruptcy — a complete liquidation of assets — is a likely next step.

Juneau night life: Assembly meetings get more interesting by the hour

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By WIN GRUENING
SENIOR CONTRIBUTOR

Win Gruening

The “business of governing” is such a misnomer because government rarely acts like a business. If it did, it would run smoother, things would happen faster, and money would be saved. But as much as some would like to follow a business model in managing our various federal, state and municipal governments, in our imperfect democracy, it just isn’t possible.

The pace of change is maddening — the arcane rules, red tape and bureaucratic mumbo-jumbo almost unfathomable. Try as they might, our elected officials are as frustrated as we are when navigating the complicated officialdom and political mine fields greeting their every move.

Most of us don’t attend local assembly meetings often. Indeed, for some it may be considered an act of heroism to sit through hours of endless agenda items, then public testimony, motions, amendments, amendments to the amendments, at-eases, finally a vote — then reconsideration for further discussion at the next meeting.

If you have attended one of these meetings, you can’t but help feel sympathy and gratitude for our Assembly members who endure this on a regular basis. As these meetings slog on, much of it is just routine approvals and rubber-stamping of previous committee decisions. These are the boring but necessary functions allowing city hall to creep along its serpentine path.

Yet, occasionally, questions get asked and issues are raised that might not otherwise get the attention they deserve.

The most recent City and Borough of Juneau Assembly meeting on Monday, July 31, is a good example. The four-hour meeting addressed a variety of routine topics during the bulk of the meeting.

After dispensing with the flag salute, roll call, approval of the previous meeting’s minutes and public participation on non-agenda items, the consent agenda was approved containing four ordinances for introduction (including renewal of CBJ’s 1 percent sales tax and a proposed 2 percent increase in our hotel/motel bed tax), one bid award for $15.4 million (wastewater biosolids dryer building), and three liquor license actions.

The Assembly then unanimously approved a resolution to name the city park, now unofficially called Bridge Park or Whale Park, to “Mayor Bill Overstreet Park.”

This was followed by a series of actions on five different ordinances — all approved.

The Assembly then dealt with some Docks and Harbors matters and several pending appeals, one regarding property taxes and one regarding a Planning Commission action.

In a split vote, the Mayor and several Assembly members questioned the $1.2 million in supplemental funding requested for a pump house and restroom accommodations related to the bronze whale site. Six hundred thousand dollars in sales tax money was being used. It had been the understanding of some that no more tax money would be spent on this project. The request was narrowly approved on a 5-4 vote.

Up to this point in the meeting, after several hours had passed, there had been little public comment on any of the approved items and, except for two actions, all the manager’s recommendations were approved unanimously.

It wasn’t until towards the end of the meeting, during the Assembly comments and questions, two interesting topics surfaced.

First, Assembly Member Debbie White expressed concerns about the recently announced proposed sale of Juneau’s electric utility, AELP, to a Canadian company, Hydro One — 49 percent owned by the provincial government of Ontario. White raised the possibility of CBJ encouraging and/or facilitating retention of AELP by local ownership and offered a suggestion on how that might occur.

Consideration was given to CBJ taking an equity position in the utility or assisting a local private group to purchase the company. Discussion on the matter ensued at length noting that AELP is a very profitable company and many other Alaska cities have ownership in their electrical utility. There was general agreement this was important to Juneau and various avenues should be explored to determine what might be possible.

Second, Assembly Member Jerry Nankervis asked permission to meet with the Finance Department to discuss possible changes to sales tax exemptions as it applies to nonprofit organizations, such as those doing business as the Sealaska Heritage Institute retail store and the Juneau Arts and Culture Center (JACC).

He wondered about the appropriateness of having these organizations not being required to collect sales tax from visitors and residents buying their merchandise such as art, jewelry, and handicrafts when other competing local businesses are required to do so. Nankervis made clear he was not referring to a nonprofit’s exemption from paying sales tax — only from collecting it from a buyer. Without objection, permission was granted by the Assembly.

The meeting finally adjourned at 10:55 p.m. — long after many members of the public had departed.

Just another day (and night) in the life of our borough Assembly members.

Win Gruening retired as the senior vice president in charge of business banking for Key Bank in 2012. He was born and raised in Juneau and graduated from the U.S. Air Force Academy in 1970. He is active in community affairs as a 30-plus year member of Juneau Downtown Rotary Club and has been involved in various local and statewide organizations.

 

Heads and Tails: Campaigns, dialing for dollars, fishing with the stars

Rep. Chris and Pam Birch

CHRIS BIRCH FOR STATE SENATE — IT’S ON LIKE DONKEY KONG: Rep. Chris Birch raised $102,000 for his House campaign in 2016, and a year later he’s budgeting $200,000 for his 2018 run for the Senate seat now held by Sen. Kevin Meyer of South Anchorage, District M.

Meyer has been mulling a run for lieutenant governor but hasn’t decided, while Birch said it was time to put his stake in the ground for that eventuality. He went ahead and filed, knowing he has a fallback position in running for his House seat, which he won by 30 percent margin in 2016.

Birch said Marc Langland has agreed to reprise his role as campaign chair,  regardless of which office Birch eventually picks.

“I’m expecting heavy labor engagement with them trying to hammer out a win. I’m not naive enough to think they aren’t going to dump a ton of money into it,” he said.

Rep. Charisse Millett, District 25, has indicated she’s also interested in running for the Senate seat, should Sen. Meyer make the decision to run for lieutenant governor. She is House Minority Leader, and is a Republican who serves a swing district.

WALKER DIALING FOR DOLLARS: Gov. Bill Walker is personally calling around to captains of industry to get them to cohost a Sept. 5 fundraiser for his candidacy. The event is at the Atwood mansion now owned by Walker’s own cabinet oil chief, John Hendrix, formerly with Apache Corp. Will anyone lend their name to Walker’s campaign at this early stage? Evidently at least one big name said “It’s too early, Bill.”

WALKER FILES FOR GENERAL, THEN FILES FOR PRIMARY: On Aug. 21, Gov. Bill Walker filed a letter of intent with the Alaska Public Offices Commission for governor, to run in the 2018 General Election.

The next day,  Aug. 22, he filed to run in the 2018 Primary Election, too.

Yet, because he is claiming to be a no-party candidate, there is no primary for Walker. Instead, he just has to collect 3,213 signatures to get on the General Election ballot, as he did in 2014.

Furthering the mystery is that the campaign filing for the General Election lists an Anchorage campaign office on 5th Avenue. But for the Primary Election, Walker lists the Governor’s Mansion in Juneau as his campaign address. Intriguing.

Is he keeping his powder dry in case he needs to run as a Democrat?

More likely it is that because the petition process covers the period prior to the primary, both Walker and Lt. Gov. Byron Mallott, his Democrat running mate, need to file for the primary and establish an APOC account to fund their first phase, which includes signature gathering, shaking hands, and kissing babies. After the primary, they bloom into a general candidacy.

In the meantime, don’t try going by the Governor’s Mansion to sign the petition. Because that would be awkward.

KENAI CLASSICS HAS ALL THE ‘STAR’ FISH: The place to be tonight is at Bob Penney’s house on the Kenai River. The “politicos of the first order” are there warming up for the Kenai Classic, which starts at 6 am Thursday. This is the event’s 25th anniversary and it trends conservative/conservationist. Seen tonight were Sen. Lisa Murkowski, Sen. Dan Sullivan, State Senators Kevin Meyer, Peter Micciche, David Wilson, and Senate President Pete Kelly; also Reps. Charisse Millett, Mike Chenault, Gary Knopp, George Rauscher, David Eastman, Jennifer Johnston, Chris Birch, Lance Pruitt, Dan Saddler. Reps. Scott Kawasaki and Andy Josephson were showing the flag for the Democrats. Catherine Stevens showed up and Ben and Elizabeth Stevens are heading to the banquet and auction tomorrow as the organizers honor the lifetime works of the late Sen. Ted Stevens, who co-founded the classic to strengthen and enhance the Kenai River fish ecosystem.

Among the items to be auctioned to support the Stevens Hooked on Fishing Program, which offers angler education and youth events, are original signed portraits of Sen. Ted Stevens and Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor. The portraits were painted by celebrity portrait artist Nicolosi, and the O’Connor portrait is especially valuable since it is the first item she has signed after a 10-year mandatory moratorium that disallowed her from signing items for sale after serving as a Supreme Court Justice.

Speaker Edgmon has spoken: No Pebble mine. Not now. Not ever.


House Speaker Bryce Edgmon said “no means no” to the proposed Pebble Mine project.  In an opinion he signed for the Alaska Dispatch News, Edgmon and his fellow authors wrote:

“To members of the Pebble advisory committee: Thanks, but no thanks.” They continued: “For those on their first visit to Alaska…”

In truth, just two of the six members of the advisory committee are from Outside. One is formerly with the League of Conservation Voters and the National Parks Foundation; the other has a long resume with both the Army and Army Corps of Engineers, and has been active in restoring the Everglades.

Edgmon and the other authors of the opinion continued: “On Monday, you will gather in downtown Anchorage to discuss how to advance the Pebble mine project. There will be one thing noticeably absent from your meeting though, the people of Bristol Bay.

“We will not be attending. It’s nothing personal. While you might be new to the issue, the prospect of Northern Dynasty’s Pebble project has weighed on our minds since 2001.

“Bristol Bay has thought this over for a long time, and we have long since made up our minds: Pebble mine is not welcome here. The discussion is over.” – House Speaker Bryce Edgmon

“It is an utter waste of your time, and ours, to sit down and discuss how to build a ‘better’ mine in Bristol Bay. That’s because our region does not want a Pebble mine in any size, form or configuration.”

The Speaker was telling advisory members like retired Sen. Willie Hensley, a fellow Democrat, that they are just not part of the discussion about mining on State lands in Southwest Alaska.

“Your committee can work as hard as it wants, but it cannot fix the essential problem with Pebble: The people of Bristol Bay do not want it,” he wrote. “When Pebble invited us to your meeting, it asked us to comment on anything, including ‘engineering design, environmental safeguards and technology, alternatives assessments, environmental impacts, project mitigation, socio-economic impacts, and programs to enhance public benefits.’

“We only have one comment to share: We will never support a Pebble mine in Bristol Bay.”

Edgmon signed the editorial not as a citizen, but as the House Speaker.

The proposed Pebble Project is not actually in Bristol Bay, but is 230 river miles from the bay. To compare:

  • Santa Barbara, Calif. to Tijuana: 235 miles
  • Seattle, Wash., to Salem, Ore: 219 miles
  • Washington, D.C. to New York City: 229 miles
  • Baton Rouge, La. to the Gulf of Mexico: 240 miles
  • Anchorage to Denali: 231 miles

Perhaps the Speaker and his co-authors were engaging in a bit of public policy theater, but if he opposes this project, hundreds of miles from the bay, is that Edgmon’s official position on any proposed mine in Western Alaska, or just Pebble?

REPRESENTATIVE WILSON CALLS OUT EDGMON

Rep. Tammie Wilson of North Pole said the Speaker doesn’t speak for her. She is a conservative Republican and Edgmon, a lifelong Democrat, rarely agrees with her.

In a statement released today, she called Edgmon’s op-ed “close-minded” and an attitude that Alaska needs to avoid if economic growth and long-term prosperity is to be achieved. She said she would like to see leaders of the Legislature open to discussing those possibilities.

Wilson said she is “baffled that Speaker Edgmon is so eager to shutter dialog on the prospect of economic development in rural Alaska. We have been hearing how Alaska is in a fiscal crisis. The unemployment rate is at one of the highest ever. To dismiss any opportunity to discuss potential development of Alaska is irresponsible and disingenuous, particularly when the Speaker promotes taxing hard working Alaskans…”

The unemployment rate in the Bristol Bay Borough was 14.2 percent in February and 8 percent in April.

Alaska Permanent Fund made bank this year

 

The Alaska Permanent Fund’s investments gained 12.57 percent in the fiscal year 2017, which ended June 30, with a record-breaking total value of $59.8 billion.

The fund, in its 41st year, had a principal on June 30 of $47 billion, while the Earnings Reserve Account ended with $12.8 billion.

After the fiscal year ended, the fund has continued its record climb and yesterday reached $60,616,300,000. For comparison, two years ago the fund hit $53 billion.

On a long-term trend of an 8 percent return, this could put the value of the fund at $62.2 billion by December 31, 2017.

Board of Trustees Chair Bill Moran said the “high mark is a testament to the Alaskans who had the foresight to create the Fund, the leaders of yesterday and today who have maintained the integrity of the Fund and the dedicated professionals of the Alaska Permanent Fund Corporation who have attentively invested the Fund.”

APFC’s CEO Angela Rodell said, “The success of the Fund has been built upon decades of investment experience and the firm commitment of the Board of Trustees to establish sound investment, governance and transparency practices. Due to these efforts, not only has the Fund reached an all-time high value it has also achieved world-wide recognition as a model for converting a non-renewable natural resource into a renewable financial resource.”

The Constitutional Budget Reserve Fund is another matter. At the end of July, it contained $3.92 billion, down from a high of $10.1 billion in 2015. Gov. Bill Walker’s Administration in 2015 predicted the Constitutional Budget Reserve would have just $357 million by 2016, but in 2017 it contains several times that amount.

Opinion: Proceed with caution on instream flow reservations

Water has always been a public resource, held in trust by the state for all its citizens.

But for the first time, the State of Alaska is granting rights to our State’s waters to private entities.

In exercising its trust responsibilities, the State can reserve water, or instream flows, for specific purposes such as for municipal water sources, navigation, or fish and wildlife.

In the past, the State has held such reservations itself, given that decisions could be altered if the public interest would be better served.

Recently, however, the state’s Department of Natural Resources has determined that instream flow reservations can be granted to private entities.

This brings into question whether these reservations can be altered or modified in the future if a better need arises.

For example, could a reservation held by a private entity such as the Nature Conservancy be modified to allow for municipal water needs, or to provide carbon neutral power sources, or for oil and gas development? Would the State have to enter into litigation to alter a reservation granted to a private entity?

Water is a key and necessary element for our state to provide for its citizens and their needs. Allowing private entities to hold water reservations potentially allows these entities to dictate future development opportunities across our state.

This could allow private entities to strategically hold water reservations that would allow them to dictate our economic future.

We should not allow a private entity holding a reservation to disallow the state from developing a hydroelectric power plant to reduce the astronomically high power costs in rural Alaska.

Don’t get me wrong, it is not wrong to reserve water for specific purposes. But these reservations should be held by the State, and not private entities. I encourage you to contact the Department of Natural Resources and your legislators to ensure our water rights remain held in trust by the State.

Doug Vincent-Lang is a retired biologist who worked with the Alaska Department of Fish and Game for over 30 years.  During his tenure with the department, he served as an Assistant Director for Sport Fisheries and as the Director for Wildlife Conservation.  He serves on several boards, including the Alaska Chapter of Safari Club International, the Resource Development Council, and the Outdoor Heritage Foundation of Alaska. 

‘Make America Great Again’ is racist, Alaska women’s group says

 

Hold onto your hat: The Alaska Network on Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault took to Facebook yesterday to label all types of white supremacy, and “Make America Great Again” made the list.

“If we’re serious about eliminating domestic violence, then it is vital to understand and eliminate all forms of subjugation including sexism, racism, homophobia, and xenophobia and thus eliminate hate and bigotry,” the post stated.

ANDVSA called for confronting “Make America Great Again” as a “covert form” of white supremacy:

“We can take action to end hate in our communities by working to understand and confront the socially accepted expressions of white supremacy,” the group wrote.

ANDVSA posted their chart showing what overt racism is, versus socially accepted white supremacy:

Near the top, just below racial slurs, jokes, and the KKK, the group has placed President Donald Trump’s campaign slogan. If readers are to believe the group, MAGA is racist, in the same league as police murdering people of color.

ANDVSA: PUBLICLY FUNDED, POLITICALLY DRIVEN?

The State of Alaska appropriated $12.1 million to ANDVSA in 2017, and $12.6 million for fiscal year 2018, for a total of nearly $25 million over two years.

The group states its mission as: “To be a collective voice for victims and survivors and to support those agencies and communities working to prevent and eliminate domestic and sexual violence.”

The group lists its specific and primary purposes as:

1) To provide training, technical assistance, legislative and legal advocacy, pro bono attorney connections and resource materials to victim services agencies and other stakeholders;

2) To provide coordination, planning, training, and technical assistance to those who are working to create and implement domestic violence and sexual assault prevention strategies and activities;

3) To provide communication and linkage among programs and organizations whose primary focus is the prevention and intervention of domestic and sexual assault;

4) To expose the roots of domestic violence and sexual assault in the institutionalized discrimination against women, children and those who are viewed as having less power;

5) To assure that voices, experiences and expressed views of survivors of sexual and physical violence are a guiding force and

6) To identify, challenge and change issues of gender, race and related oppressions that contribute to violence.

 ANDVSA was incorporated in 1980 and has receive hundreds of millions of federal and state dollars to help end domestic violence and sexual assault. It has adopted an ever-changing set of “primary purpose” principles over the years.

According to the University of Alaska’s 2015 Alaska Victimization Survey:

  • In 2015, 8 out of 100 women had experienced intimate partner violence, sexual violence, or both in Alaska during the previous year. This was a 33% drop from 2010, when it was 12 out of 100.
  • Intimate partner violence decreased by 32%.
  • Sexual violence decreased by 33%.
  • 6,556 fewer women experienced intimate partner violence in 2015 than in 2010.
  • 3,072 fewer women experienced sexual violence in 2015 than 2010.

Local races: Homer to fill two spots on council

This is why local races matter: Candidates reflect values, and values shape communities.

On Oct. 3, many local elections will take place around the Alaska. They are nonpartisan, if such a thing exists.

In Homer, council members David Lewis and Catriona Reynolds are not running for reelection after surviving a bruising recall election in June over their representations of community values.

Now, there are eight candidates from which to choose for the two seats:

Sarah Vance, Caroline Venuti, Stephen Mueller, Kimberly Ketter

Sarah Vance: Homeschooling mother of four who grew up in Homer and believes in limited government. A recall activist earlier this year, she has attended all council meetings since February. Believes council should ensure financial stability for the city government and encourage economic growth.

Caroline Venuti: Grew up in Kodiak, served on Homer Library Advisory Board, City Transportation Committee and Homer Boys and Girls Club. Believes the council should encourage economic growth, high quality of  life and adequate public safety for all citizens. Has interest in climate change impacts on Homer.

Stephen Mueller: Pharmacist at Ulmer’s Drug and Hardware, he volunteers as an officer of the Homer Elks Lodge, Friendship Center volunteer musician, and as music minister at St. John’s Church.

Kimberly Ketter: Wants to encourage small businesses to help stabilize year-round employment. She ran previously.

Rachel Lord, Andrew Kita, Anne Poso, Dwayne Nustvold

Rachel Lord: Cross country running coach, Big Sisters mentor, board member at the Kachemak Heritage Land Trust and Homer Farmer’s Market, Economic Development Commission, Cook Inlet Harbor Safety Committee. Executive Secretary for Alaska’s Harbormasters Association.

Andrew Kita: Resident since 1997, who says although he has no government experience, he wants his son to have the opportunity to grow up in a wonderful community and he wants to represent everyone equally. He is a Navy veteran and a line cook at Café Cups.

 

Anne Poso: Did not provide a candidate statment. Formerly in the fishing industry for 20 years, she sits on the Old Town Professional Center Homeowners Association Board. Retired.

Dwayne Nustvold: Associated with Homer for 14 years, and resident since 2008. Former commercial fisherman, North Slope worker, now retired and volunteering. Concerned about shrinking funds, cost of living, spending decisions. Wants to help local businesses expand and thrive.

Candidates’ complete statements are here.

Absentee voting begins on Sept. 18 for the Oct. 3 election. The top two candidates will fill two, 3-year seats. Candidates must receive 35 percent of the total numer of votes cast, divided by two, to avoid a runoff. If none of the candidates get more than 35 percent of the vote, the top four will proceed to a runoff.

The Homer Chamber of Commerce candidates forum is Sept. 28 at the Elks Lodge in Homer, starting at 5:30 pm.